一、so…that结构中的部分倒装
So strange did she look that everyone stared at her.
So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.
So little did I know about philosophy that the lecture was completely beyond me.
二、表语置于句首引起的倒装
当表语置于句首时，常引起倒装，把系动词置于主语之前。作表语的可以是形容词、介词短语、分词等。
【例如】
Very important in the peasants’ life is the TV weather report.
Bright, very bright were the stars over the wild, dark hills.
Present at the meeting were Professor Smith, Sir Hugh and many other celebrities. Especially popular are the musical and theatrical groups.
On the either side of the road were rows of fruit trees.
Near the southern end of the village was a large peach orchard.
Seated on the ground are as groups of young men playing horse head fiddle. Scattered like stars in the deep mountains are numerous reservoirs and ponds. Helping them raise their artistic level are various professorial organizations. Visiting the Great Wall were 200 American college students.
三、否定意义副词引起的倒装
英语中含有否定意义的副词与词组有never，seldom，few，little, barely，hardly，scarcely，rarely, nowhere, by no means, under no circumstances, in no way, at no time, in no case, in vain, not until等。
【例如】
Nowhere could the homeless girl go in the cold winter.
Under no circumstances shall I change my attitude towards work.
Never before has the mass of the people been so inspired, so militant and so daring as at present.
No sooner had I gone to sleep than someone telephoned.
Not until Columbus discovered the new land, were bananas brought to Europe. Scarcely had we reached home when it began to rain.
Not only did they present a musical performance but they also gave a brief introduction to the history of western brass instrument.
四、让步状语从句中的倒装
1)让步状语从句中的倒装形式为：强调对象＋as/though＋主语＋其它部分，强调对象可以是表语(名词，形容词)或状语(副词)。表语为名词时，前面通常不用冠词。
【例如】
Tired as he is, he goes on with his work.
Much as he likes her, he does get irritated with her sometimes.
Child as he is, he knows how to please the others.
2) be＋主语＋or连接的两个表语。这个句型相当于whether…or…引导的让步从句。
【例如】
Be it cheap or dear, I will take it.
We should put our energysintosour work, be it mental like the work of a scientist or physical like the work of a smith.
五、让步状语从句中的倒装
1)让步状语从句中的倒装形式为：强调对象＋as/though＋主语＋其它部分，强调对象可以是表语(名词，形容词)或状语(副词)。表语为名词时，前面通常不用冠词。
【例如】
Tired as he is, he goes on with his work.
Much as he likes her, he does get irritated with her sometimes.
Child as he is, he knows how to please the others.
2) be＋主语＋or连接的两个表语。这个句型相当于whether…or…引导的让步从句。
【例如】
Be it cheap or dear, I will take it.
We should put our energysintosour work, be it mental like the work of a scientist or physical like the work of a smith.
五、以only引导状语位于句首引起的倒装
Only by shouting at the top of his voice was he able to make himself heard.
Only in this way can we achieve what we want.
Only in each afternoon does the university library open.
Only under special circumstances ____to take make up tests.
A) are freshmen permitted
B) permitted are freshmen
C) freshmen are permitted
D) are permitted freshmen
Only加状语位于句首，句子用倒装语序，故答案为A。
六、由so/nor/neither引起的倒装
该句式表明与前面的情况一致。前面为肯定句，用so引导，否定句用nor或neither引导。
【例如】
Society has changed and so have the people in it.
Yesterday I went shopping, so did my best friend.
The organization had broken no rules, but neither had it acted responsibly.
He didn’t want to apologize for his mistake, neither/nor did his assistant.
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